Potential Alternatives

Best options are the ones with less than 6M parameters and 0.5 GFLOPs.

Backbone Parameters (M) GFLOPs
VGG-19 138 19.6
HRNet-W32 28.5 7.1
ResNet-50 25.6 4.1
MobileNetV3 5.4 0.35
EfficientNet-B0 5.3 0.39
ShuffleNetV2 3.5 0.15
Lite-HRNet 1.1 0.5
SqueezeNet 0.7 0.8

Needed Adjustments to Replace the Backbone

To match the resolution of VGG-19 upsampling or downsampling might be needed. While to match the channels a 1 * 1 conv layer might be needed.

Backbone Resolution Channels Used In
VGG-19 H/8 512 OpenPose
MobileNetV3 H/16 160 Mediapipe
EfficientNet-B0 H/32 1280 EfficientPose
ShuffleNetV2 H/8 464 NanoDet
Lite-HRNet H/4 40 MMPose

Task-Specific Adaptation